Sgraffito is a traditional decorative technique with roots in Renaissance Italy, later spreading across Central and Eastern Europe, where it became a defining feature of architectural facades. The process involves applying multiple layers of contrasting lime-based plaster and carefully carving through them to reveal textured, multidimensional patterns beneath. Used for centuries on walls and buildings, it remains a powerful form of mural and architectural expression.
This 5-day advanced workshop explores both sgraffito and lime fresco techniques using all-natural materials. Set in the spectacular Spiti Valley, participants will work directly on walls at our heritage reconstruction site in Kwang village, guided by internationally renowned muralist and master craftswoman Kimberly Barcenas.
Through hands-on practice, participants will gain experience in the preparation and application of lime-based plasters, the use of natural pigments, and the technical processes specific to both fresco and sgraffito. The workshop covers tool handling, design development, layering, carving, and finishing techniques, with a strong emphasis on working in real time with living materials.
Fresco, with origins in ancient Mediterranean cultures and refined through Italian Renaissance practice, involves painting directly onto fresh lime plaster, allowing pigment to become an integral part of the wall surface.
Kimberly brings a contemporary dimension to these heritage techniques, infusing them with her own artistic language and influences from Mexican mural traditions.

Kimberly Barcenas is a Mexican artist-craftswoman specialising in murals and sgraffito. Her practice fuses traditional mural coating techniques with contemporary artistic expression, blurring the boundaries between craft and art applied to walls. Her work is deeply influenced by the legacy of Mexican muralism.
She has taught and co-taught mural and fresco workshops in Mexico, Spain, Portugal, France, and Hungary.

Fresco painting, mezzo fresco, and sgraffito
Sgraffito Techniques:
Textural sgraffito
Multi-layer sgraffito
Italian sgraffito

This workshop offers an intensive, hands-on exploration of key traditional mural techniques rooted in historic Italian practice: buon fresco, mezzo fresco, and sgraffito. All techniques are taught through direct application on wall surfaces.
The program combines applied theory with continuous practical work, with particular attention given to wall preparation, the use of traditional lime-based materials, and the technical processes involved in mural execution.
Participants will also explore three distinct approaches to sgraffito: textural sgraffito, multi-layer sgraffito, and the Italian sgraffito technique.
This workshop aims to:
Provide technical skills for preparing and treating walls for traditional mural applications
Develop practical ability in buon fresco, mezzo fresco, and sgraffito techniques
Introduce and apply different sgraffito methods depending on desired visual and material outcomes
Build an understanding of the relationship between wall structure, layering, timing, and final results
By the end of the workshop, participants will be able to:
Prepare wall surfaces for traditional mural techniques
Plan and manage mural work according to the timing requirements of each technique
Execute a fresco painting directly on a wall
Apply the mezzo fresco technique
Create sgraffito using:
Textural variation
Multi-layer stratification
Traditional Italian sgraffito
Identify and distinguish between major historic mural techniques through direct practice
Day 1 – Wall Preparation & Materials
The lime cycle
Types of lime and aggregates
Wall preparation and conditioning
Application of the arriccio layer
Day 2 – Fresco Painting
Principles of buon fresco
Preparation of the intonaco
Sinopia and planning the giornata
Execution of a fresco painting on the wall

Day 3 – Mezzo Fresco Technique
Characteristics and applications
Direct intervention on the wall
Technical and expressive comparison with fresco
Day 4 – Sgraffito: Layers & Texture
Introduction to sgraffito
Preparation of layered coloured plasters
Textural sgraffito
Multi-layer sgraffito

Day 5 – Italian Sgraffito
Characteristics of Italian sgraffito
Design planning
Transferring the drawing
Execution of the sgraffito
Final finishes and group reflection on the mural work
Kwang Village - Spiti Valley - Himachal Pradesh - India
The workshop takes place at our heritage reconstruction site in the small village of Kwang, nestled deep within the Spiti Valley. Surrounded by vast mountain landscapes and shaped by the quiet rhythm of village life, the setting offers a rare opportunity to engage directly with the region’s vernacular architecture—built by hand from earth, stone, and lime. Working here allows participants to connect not only with the techniques themselves, but with the environment and cultural context from which they emerge. Experience architecture as art.
